Where does tap water come from Malaysia?
In Malaysia, water supply for domestic use derives 99% from surface water such as rivers whereas the remaining 1% originates from groundwater [4]. The most common source of drinking water in Malaysia is tap water, bottled drinking water as well as bottled mineral water [5].
Which government agencies regulate the water services in Malaysia?
Malaysian Water Governance
SPAN is the national regulatory agency for water sector. SPAN draws its authority from Article 11(b) of Federal Constitution.
What is a good example of water contamination issue in Malaysia?
The 2019 Kim Kim River toxic pollution is a water pollution incident that occurred on 7 March 2019 caused by illegal chemical waste dumping at the Kim Kim River in Pasir Gudang of Johor in Malaysia. The illegal dumping released toxic fumes, affecting 6,000 people and hospitalising 2,775.
What is the most serious environmental problem in Malaysia?
Water pollution is arguably the most fundamental environmental issue in Malaysia, since the country’s pollution problems began with water pollution caused by the three traditional industries of tin mining, natural rubber, and palm oil, as mentioned above.
How does Malaysia get water?
Streams and rivers with and without impounding reservoirs contribute 98 percent of total water used in Malaysia; the remainder is contributed by groundwater. River flow regimes are irregular and to secure safe yield from surface water sources, storage facilities were constructed.
How many water treatment plants are there in Malaysia?
To combat this, around 8,000 public sewage treatment plants, 500 network pumping stations, 17,000 kilometers of underground sewerage pipes and half a million household septic tanks connected to the sewers.
Does Malaysia have water scarcity?
Marimuthu also highlighted that the high non-revenue water (NRW) rate in Malaysia has led to water shortage in the country. “Mostly, the loss of water occurs as a result of pipe leakage and water theft. … The United Nations set the daily water requirement at 165l per person every day.
How is Wqi calculated Malaysia?
WQI = 0.22(siDO) + 0.19(siBOD) + 0.16(siCOD) + 0.15(siAN) + 0.16(siTSS) + 0.12(sipH) 621 Page 3 siDO-subindex is for dissolved oxygen, siBOD-subindex is for biochemical oxygen demand, siCOD-subindex is for chemical oxygen demand, siAN-subindex is for ammoniacal-nitrogen, siTSS-subindex is for total suspended solid.
How bad is water pollution in Malaysia?
Water quality in Malaysia, as well as access to water in general, is a major problem. The primary pollutants present in the water are Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Ammoniacal Nitrogen and Suspended Solids. … Since 98 percent of the water originates from rivers, river pollution is a serious concern.